Concept of Gemeinschaft And Gesellschaft
In the earlier eighteenth and nineteenth century the social system was ruled and had been in unbalanced arrangements, the culture and values are prioritized by allied class society, which suppressed the need and respect of the lower and middle class.
As a whole both the societies were bearing the impacts of war and conflicts and to elaborate these consequences, German Sociologist “Ferdinand Tonnie’s”, gave the
social theory On Gemeinschaft And Gesellschaft (1887).
“Gemeinschaft ” when translated from German etymology to English defines the meaning as “Community”, similarly ” Gesellschaft”
in English translation means “Society”. As a sociologist and philosopher Ferdinand discussed different kinds of social ties that exist in rural and traditional societies, and between large-scale, modern industrial culture.
This was the root cause of the division of classes in the same society of culture and values which created several misunderstandings among the social harmony. ” Community and Society ” are the two important unit of any social culture and the theory of “Gemeinschaft And Gesellschaft” centralizes on this interpersonal relation of Social values and culture.
Gemeinschaft is a community , of peasants, workers and rural people with their traditional rules, this community has its own sentiments called “Wesemville”. Gemeinschaft is a community of emotions, love, and care according to Ferdinand’s analysis and works on the rule that where there are lesser needs the respect and care are more because the pseudo-world does not attract them.The people have devoted family relations, they have their rituals and feelings which are both cared and shared.
Gesellschaft ( society ), symbolizes on the societies where the targeted interests are on social. economical and political issues, in these societies there is no room for emotions, care, and respect among individuals. The ” society ” is bigger term than community and that’s why it relies on “impersonal and indirect relations”. Gesellschaft is the urban society with that culture and values.
Ferdinand Tonnie’s Social Theory of community and society throws a light on the issues of ” Tradition And Modernity”.
Going through psychoanalytic perception, community forms a society, but this division of rural and urban culture destroys the essence.According to Ferdinand these are all created by human beings as they have their own level of satisfaction for their needs.
From the centuries it has been observed that tradition and modernity does not hand in hand because tradition has its own culture , value and respect the individuals also have their needs accordingly whereas when tradition merges with modernity the values are all lost because modernity is the pseudo needs to be fulfilled, which does not have any care for values and culture.
“Max Weber ” another German sociologist with Ferdinand gave social theory in a different approach, he describes “Gesellschaft as a partnership “ because modernity is totally based on money and power, and this turns the mind of an individual to earn his status, dignity, fame falsely where he is far away from moral values.
The Social Theory concept is been analyzed in different ways according to the needs and demands of an individual but Ferdinand in his theory showed the mirror of the real and fake world and the thoughts of the individual to how to choose their levels of adjustment either in a community or society.Till now these two units are never being together because the moves of the world do not provide an opportunity to an individual for having a single thought on this.
