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Category: Sociology Dictionary

  • Difference Between Marxism and Neo-Marxism

    Marxism and Neo-Marxism Marxism is an idea which originates from Karl Marx’s views on capitalism, the economic structure of the society and dialectical materialism whereby the focus remains on class inequalities and exploitation due to economic hierarchies, the root of which is capitalism. Neo-Marxists generally criticise the monopolistic and oligarchical nature of capitalism rather than…

  • Liberalism and Neoliberalism: Difference Between Them

    Liberalism refers to neo-classical liberalization which appeared in the works of Locke, Smith and Ricardo. It promoted Laissez-Faire (the French word for “Let one do what they want to”) and emphasized on free markets. Although neoliberalism originates from liberalisation and apparently withholds all its objectives, or has been subjected to several scholarly debates. Both of…

  • The Sociology of Emotions: A Feminist Horizon of Symbolic Interactions

    The Sociology of Emotions: One of the most prominent works on symbolic interactionism has been the theorization of human emotions. Arlie Russel Hochschild, one of the noted Sociologists in the field of emotions, is in fact considered the founder of a new sub-field in Sociology: the sociology of emotions. Through her books, The Managed Heart:…

  • Dialectical Materialism and Economic Determinism by Karl Marx

    Both dialectical materialism and economic determinism form the essential components of the theory of Historical Materialism. The proponents of historical materialism are German Philosopher Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, both of whom are referred to as the champions of communism. This particular theory is also widely known as the “materialistic interpretation of history”. Marx interpreted…

  • Social Structure: Meaning, Components ( Examples)

    Social interaction, i.e., the ways in which people interact with each other is structured or organized through a particular framework, which is known as social structure. (“Culture,” n.d.). Social structure is one of the foundational concepts in sociology and is defined as “the social patterns through which a society is organized” (Barkan, 2013). These patterns can…

  • Functionalism (Functionalist Perspective): An Overview

    Functionalism traces its roots back to the work of Plato and Hegel. The elements of functionalist thought in sociology are found in the works of Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim. However, functionalism, as a dominant sociological theory, came to prominence in the 1950s, especially through the works of Talcott Parsons, Robert K. Merton, and their…

  • Phenomenology: Definitions and Basic Concepts

    The pedagogy of phenomenology is rather a complex topic to understand, especially when one is not acquainted with the subject. Before we delve into the concept of phenomenology, let us first understand the term etymologically. Phenomenology comes from two terms, phenomena meaning things as they appear and logy meaning science or study. Putting the meanings…